Sensation-seeking is a personality trait characterized by a need for varied, novel, complex, and intense sensory experiences, and a willingness to take risks for the sake of such experiences.
Studies suggest that higher levels of dopamine and greater dopaminergic responses to rewards are associated with higher sensation-seeking.
Some people may have a polymorphism (a variation) in the dopamine receptor gene, which can affect how efficiently the receptor binds to dopamine, potentially leading to a need for more dopamine to achieve the same level of pleasure. These genes include SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) in genes like SLC6A3 and DBH.
One study found that over 80% of individual differences in change in sensation seeking during early adolescence were due to genetic factors.
Enjoying roller coasters is a common manifestation of sensation-seeking. The excitement and physical sensations experienced on roller coasters, like the release of dopamine and adrenaline, contribute to the thrilling and delightful experience that appeals to thrill-seekers.
You get the same thrills from rock climbing, BASE jumping, hang gliding, kayaking, canyoning and other outdoor activities that take you to the edge.
I asked the 48,000 member Facebook Sydney Hiking Group why they go beyond safety barriers and stand or sit on a cliff edge. The poll lasted four days, 30 April–3 May 2021. I got 113 responses.
Only one out of the 41 people who said they did go right to the edge, said it was because of social media pressure.
Only five out of the 41 said they were “adrenalin junkies”.